VIM: gui

## GUI

    *gui.txt*       For Vim version 7.4.  Last change: 2013 Jun 12

    		  VIM REFERENCE MANUAL    by Bram Moolenaar

    Vim's Graphical User Interface				*gui* *GUI*

    1. Starting the GUI		|gui-start|
    2. Scrollbars			|gui-scrollbars|
    3. Mouse Control		|gui-mouse|
    4. Making GUI Selections	|gui-selections|
    5. Menus			|menus|
    6. Extras			|gui-extras|
    7. Shell Commands		|gui-shell|

    Other GUI documentation:
    |gui_x11|	For specific items of the X11 GUI.
    |gui_w32|	For specific items of the Win32 GUI.

    {Vi does not have any of these commands}

    1. Starting the GUI				*gui-start* *E229* *E233*

    First you must make sure you actually have a version of Vim with the GUI code
    included.  You can check this with the ":version" command, it says "with xxx
    GUI", where "xxx" is X11-Motif, X11-Athena, Photon, GTK2, GTK3, etc., or
    "MS-Windows 32 bit GUI version".

    How to start the GUI depends on the system used.  Mostly you can run the
    GUI version of Vim with:
        gvim [options] [files...]

    The X11 version of Vim can run both in GUI and in non-GUI mode.  See
    |gui-x11-start|.

    			*gui-init* *gvimrc* *.gvimrc* *_gvimrc* *$MYGVIMRC*
    The gvimrc file is where GUI-specific startup commands should be placed.  It
    is always sourced after the |vimrc| file.  If you have one then the $MYGVIMRC
    environment variable has its name.

    When the GUI starts up initializations are carried out, in this order:
    - The 'term' option is set to "builtin_gui" and terminal options are reset to
      their default value for the GUI |terminal-options|.
    - If the system menu file exists, it is sourced.  The name of this file is
      normally "$VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim".  You can check this with ":version".  Also
      see |$VIMRUNTIME|.  To skip loading the system menu include 'M' in
      'guioptions'.				*buffers-menu* *no_buffers_menu*
      The system menu file includes a "Buffers" menu.  If you don't want this, set
      the "no_buffers_menu" variable in your .vimrc (not .gvimrc!):
    	:let no_buffers_menu = 1
     NOTE: Switching on syntax highlighting also loads the menu file, thus
      disabling the Buffers menu must be done before ":syntax on".
      The path names are truncated to 35 characters.  You can truncate them at a
      different length, for example 50, like this:
    	:let bmenu_max_pathlen = 50
    - If the "-U {gvimrc}" command-line option has been used when starting Vim,
      the {gvimrc} file will be read for initializations.  The following
      initializations are skipped.  When {gvimrc} is "NONE" no file will be read
      for initializations.
    - For Unix and MS-Windows, if the system gvimrc exists, it is sourced.  The
      name of this file is normally "$VIM/gvimrc".  You can check this with
      ":version".  Also see |$VIM|.
    - The following are tried, and only the first one that exists is used:
      - If the GVIMINIT environment variable exists and is not empty, it is
        executed as an Ex command.
      - If the user gvimrc file exists, it is sourced.  The name of this file is
        normally "$HOME/.gvimrc".  You can check this with ":version".
      - For Win32, when $HOME is not set, "$VIM\_gvimrc" is used.
      - When a "_gvimrc" file is not found, ".gvimrc" is tried too.  And vice
        versa.
      The name of the first file found is stored in $MYGVIMRC, unless it was
      already set.
    - If the 'exrc' option is set (which is NOT the default) the file ./.gvimrc
      is sourced, if it exists and isn't the same file as the system or user
      gvimrc file.  If this file is not owned by you, some security restrictions
      apply.  When ".gvimrc" is not found, "_gvimrc" is tried too.  For Macintosh
      and DOS/Win32 "_gvimrc" is tried first.

    NOTE: All but the first one are not carried out if Vim was started with
    "-u NONE" and no "-U" argument was given, or when started with "-U NONE".

    All this happens AFTER the normal Vim initializations, like reading your
    .vimrc file.  See |initialization|.
    But the GUI window is only opened after all the initializations have been
    carried out.  If you want some commands to be executed just after opening the
    GUI window, use the |GUIEnter| autocommand event.  Example:
    	:autocmd GUIEnter * winpos 100 50

    You can use the gvimrc files to set up your own customized menus (see |:menu|)
    and initialize other things that you may want to set up differently from the
    terminal version.

    Recommended place for your personal GUI initializations:
    	Unix		    $HOME/.gvimrc or $HOME/.vim/gvimrc
    	OS/2		    $HOME/.gvimrc, $HOME/vimfiles/gvimrc
    			    or $VIM/.gvimrc
    	MS-DOS and Win32    $HOME/_gvimrc, $HOME/vimfiles/gvimrc
    			    or $VIM/_gvimrc
    	Amiga		    s:.gvimrc, home:.gvimrc, home:vimfiles:gvimrc
    			    or $VIM/.gvimrc

    The personal initialization files are searched in the order specified above
    and only the first one that is found is read.

    There are a number of options which only have meaning in the GUI version of
    Vim.  These are 'guicursor', 'guifont', 'guipty' and 'guioptions'.  They are
    documented in |options| with all the other options.

    If using the Motif or Athena version of the GUI (but not for the GTK+ or
    Win32 version), a number of X resources are available.  See |gui-resources|.

    Another way to set the colors for different occasions is with highlight
    groups.  The "Normal" group is used to set the background and foreground
    colors.  Example (which looks nice):

    	:highlight Normal guibg=grey90

    The "guibg" and "guifg" settings override the normal background and
    foreground settings.  The other settings for the Normal highlight group are
    not used.  Use the 'guifont' option to set the font.

    Also check out the 'guicursor' option, to set the colors for the cursor in
    various modes.

    Vim tries to make the window fit on the screen when it starts up.  This avoids
    that you can't see part of it.  On the X Window System this requires a bit of
    guesswork.  You can change the height that is used for the window title and a
    task bar with the 'guiheadroom' option.

    						*:winp* *:winpos* *E188*
    :winp[os]
    		Display current position of the top left corner of the GUI vim
    		window in pixels.  Does not work in all versions.

    :winp[os] {X} {Y}							*E466*
    		Put the GUI vim window at the given {X} and {Y} coordinates.
    		The coordinates should specify the position in pixels of the
    		top left corner of the window.  Does not work in all versions.
    		Does work in an (new) xterm |xterm-color|.
    		When the GUI window has not been opened yet, the values are
    		remembered until the window is opened.  The position is
    		adjusted to make the window fit on the screen (if possible).

    						    *:win* *:winsize* *E465*
    :win[size] {width} {height}
    		Set the window height to {width} by {height} characters.
    		Obsolete, use ":set lines=11 columns=22".
    		If you get less lines than expected, check the 'guiheadroom'
    		option.

    If you are running the X Window System, you can get information about the
    window Vim is running in with this command:
    	:!xwininfo -id $WINDOWID

    							*gui-IME* *iBus*
    Input methods for international characters in X that rely on the XIM
    framework, most notably iBus, have been known to produce undesirable results
    in gVim. These may include an inability to enter spaces, or long delays
    between typing a character and it being recognized by the application.

    One workaround that has been successful, for unknown reasons, is to prevent
    gvim from forking into the background by starting it with the |-f| argument.

    2. Scrollbars						*gui-scrollbars*

    There are vertical scrollbars and a horizontal scrollbar.  You may
    configure which ones appear with the 'guioptions' option.

    The interface looks like this (with ":set guioptions=mlrb"):

    		       +------------------------------+ `
    		       | File  Edit		 Help | <- Menu bar (m) `
    		       +-+--------------------------+-+ `
    		       |^|			    |^| `
    		       |#| Text area.		    |#| `
    		       | |			    | | `
    		       |v|__________________________|v| `
     Normal status line -> |-+ File.c	       5,2  +-| `
     between Vim windows   |^|""""""""""""""""""""""""""|^| `
    		       | |			    | | `
    		       | | Another file buffer.     | | `
    		       | |			    | | `
    		       |#|			    |#| `
     Left scrollbar (l) -> |#|			    |#| <- Right `
    		       |#|			    |#|    scrollbar (r) `
    		       | |			    | | `
    		       |v|			    |v| `
    		       +-+--------------------------+-+ `
    		       | |< ####		   >| | <- Bottom `
    		       +-+--------------------------+-+    scrollbar (b) `

    Any of the scrollbar or menu components may be turned off by not putting the
    appropriate letter in the 'guioptions' string.  The bottom scrollbar is
    only useful when 'nowrap' is set.

    VERTICAL SCROLLBARS					*gui-vert-scroll*

    Each Vim window has a scrollbar next to it which may be scrolled up and down
    to move through the text in that buffer.  The size of the scrollbar-thumb
    indicates the fraction of the buffer which can be seen in the window.
    When the scrollbar is dragged all the way down, the last line of the file
    will appear in the top of the window.

    If a window is shrunk to zero height (by the growth of another window) its
    scrollbar disappears.  It reappears when the window is restored.

    If a window is vertically split, it will get a scrollbar when it is the
    current window and when, taking the middle of the current window and drawing a
    vertical line, this line goes through the window.
    When there are scrollbars on both sides, and the middle of the current window
    is on the left half, the right scrollbar column will contain scrollbars for
    the rightmost windows.  The same happens on the other side.

    HORIZONTAL SCROLLBARS					*gui-horiz-scroll*

    The horizontal scrollbar (at the bottom of the Vim GUI) may be used to
    scroll text sideways when the 'wrap' option is turned off.  The
    scrollbar-thumb size is such that the text of the longest visible line may be
    scrolled as far as possible left and right.  The cursor is moved when
    necessary, it must remain on a visible character (unless 'virtualedit' is
    set).

    Computing the length of the longest visible line takes quite a bit of
    computation, and it has to be done every time something changes.  If this
    takes too much time or you don't like the cursor jumping to another line,
    include the 'h' flag in 'guioptions'.  Then the scrolling is limited by the
    text of the current cursor line.

    							*athena-intellimouse*
    If you have an Intellimouse and an X server that supports using the wheel,
    then you can use the wheel to scroll the text up and down in gvim.  This works
    with XFree86 4.0 and later, and with some older versions when you add patches.
    See |scroll-mouse-wheel|.

    For older versions of XFree86 you must patch your X server.  The following
    page has a bit of information about using the Intellimouse on Linux as well as
    links to the patches and X server binaries (may not have the one you need
    though):
        http://www.inria.fr/koala/colas/mouse-wheel-scroll/

    3. Mouse Control					*gui-mouse*

    The mouse only works if the appropriate flag in the 'mouse' option is set.
    When the GUI is switched on, and 'mouse' wasn't set yet, the 'mouse' option is
    automatically set to "a", enabling it for all modes except for the
    |hit-enter| prompt.  If you don't want this, a good place to change the
    'mouse' option is the "gvimrc" file.

    Other options that are relevant:
    'mousefocus'	window focus follows mouse pointer |gui-mouse-focus|
    'mousemodel'	what mouse button does which action
    'mousehide'	hide mouse pointer while typing text
    'selectmode'	whether to start Select mode or Visual mode

    A quick way to set these is with the ":behave" command.
    							*:behave* *:be*
    :be[have] {model}	Set behavior for mouse and selection.  Valid
    			arguments are:
    			   mswin	MS-Windows behavior
    			   xterm	Xterm behavior

    			Using ":behave" changes these options:
    			option		mswin			xterm
    			'selectmode'	"mouse,key"		""
    			'mousemodel'	"popup"			"extend"
    			'keymodel'	"startsel,stopsel"	""
    			'selection'	"exclusive"		"inclusive"

    In the $VIMRUNTIME directory, there is a script called |mswin.vim|, which will
    also map a few keys to the MS-Windows cut/copy/paste commands.  This is NOT
    compatible, since it uses the CTRL-V, CTRL-X and CTRL-C keys.  If you don't
    mind, use this command:
    	:so $VIMRUNTIME/mswin.vim

    For scrolling with a wheel on a mouse, see |scroll-mouse-wheel|.

    3.1 Moving Cursor with Mouse				*gui-mouse-move*

    Click the left mouse button somewhere in a text buffer where you want the
    cursor to go, and it does!
    This works in	    when 'mouse' contains
    Normal mode	    'n' or 'a'
    Visual mode	    'v' or 'a'
    Insert mode	    'i' or 'a'

    Select mode is handled like Visual mode.

    You may use this with an operator such as 'd' to delete text from the current
    cursor position to the position you point to with the mouse.  That is, you hit
    'd' and then click the mouse somewhere.

    							*gui-mouse-focus*
    The 'mousefocus' option can be set to make the keyboard focus follow the
    mouse pointer.  This means that the window where the mouse pointer is, is the
    active window.  Warning: this doesn't work very well when using a menu,
    because the menu command will always be applied to the top window.

    If you are on the ':' line (or '/' or '?'), then clicking the left or right
    mouse button will position the cursor on the ':' line (if 'mouse' contains
    'c', 'a' or 'A').

    In any situation the middle mouse button may be clicked to paste the current
    selection.

    3.2 Selection with Mouse				*gui-mouse-select*

    The mouse can be used to start a selection.  How depends on the 'mousemodel'
    option:
    'mousemodel' is "extend": use the right mouse button
    'mousemodel' is "popup":  use the left mouse button, while keeping the Shift
    key pressed.

    If there was no selection yet, this starts a selection from the old cursor
    position to the position pointed to with the mouse.  If there already is a
    selection then the closest end will be extended.

    If 'selectmode' contains "mouse", then the selection will be in Select mode.
    This means that typing normal text will replace the selection.  See
    |Select-mode|.  Otherwise, the selection will be in Visual mode.

    Double clicking may be done to make the selection word-wise, triple clicking
    makes it line-wise, and quadruple clicking makes it rectangular block-wise.

    See |gui-selections| on how the selection is used.

    3.3 Other Text Selection with Mouse		*gui-mouse-modeless*
    						*modeless-selection*
    A different kind of selection is used when:
    - in Command-line mode
    - in the Command-line window and pointing in another window
    - at the |hit-enter| prompt
    - whenever the current mode is not in the 'mouse' option
    - when holding the CTRL and SHIFT keys in the GUI

    Since Vim continues like the selection isn't there, and there is no mode
    associated with the selection, this is called modeless selection.  Any text in
    the Vim window can be selected.  Select the text by pressing the left mouse
    button at the start, drag to the end and release.  To extend the selection,
    use the right mouse button when 'mousemodel' is "extend", or the left mouse
    button with the shift key pressed when 'mousemodel' is "popup".
    The selection is removed when the selected text is scrolled or changed.

    On the command line CTRL-Y can be used to copy the selection into the
    clipboard.  To do this from Insert mode, use CTRL-O : CTRL-Y <CR>.  When
    'guioptions' contains a or A (default on X11), the selection is automatically
    copied to the "* register.

    The middle mouse button can then paste the text.  On non-X11 systems, you can
    use CTRL-R +.

    3.4 Using Mouse on Status Lines				*gui-mouse-status*

    Clicking the left or right mouse button on the status line below a Vim
    window makes that window the current window.  This actually happens on button
    release (to be able to distinguish a click from a drag action).

    With the left mouse button a status line can be dragged up and down, thus
    resizing the windows above and below it.  This does not change window focus.

    The same can be used on the vertical separator: click to give the window left
    of it focus, drag left and right to make windows wider and narrower.

    3.5 Various Mouse Clicks				*gui-mouse-various*

        <S-LeftMouse>	Search forward for the word under the mouse click.
    			When 'mousemodel' is "popup" this starts or extends a
    			selection.
        <S-RightMouse>	Search backward for the word under the mouse click.
        <C-LeftMouse>	Jump to the tag name under the mouse click.
        <C-RightMouse>	Jump back to position before the previous tag jump
    			(same as "CTRL-T")

    3.6 Mouse Mappings					*gui-mouse-mapping*

    The mouse events, complete with modifiers, may be mapped.  Eg:
       :map <S-LeftMouse>     <RightMouse>
       :map <S-LeftDrag>      <RightDrag>
       :map <S-LeftRelease>   <RightRelease>
       :map <2-S-LeftMouse>   <2-RightMouse>
       :map <2-S-LeftDrag>    <2-RightDrag>
       :map <2-S-LeftRelease> <2-RightRelease>
       :map <3-S-LeftMouse>   <3-RightMouse>
       :map <3-S-LeftDrag>    <3-RightDrag>
       :map <3-S-LeftRelease> <3-RightRelease>
       :map <4-S-LeftMouse>   <4-RightMouse>
       :map <4-S-LeftDrag>    <4-RightDrag>
       :map <4-S-LeftRelease> <4-RightRelease>
    These mappings make selection work the way it probably should in a Motif
    application, with shift-left mouse allowing for extending the visual area
    rather than the right mouse button.

    Mouse mapping with modifiers does not work for modeless selection.

    3.7 Drag and drop						*drag-n-drop*

    You can drag and drop one or more files into the Vim window, where they will
    be opened as if a |:drop| command was used.

    If you hold down Shift while doing this, Vim changes to the first dropped
    file's directory.  If you hold Ctrl Vim will always split a new window for the
    file.  Otherwise it's only done if the current buffer has been changed.

    You can also drop a directory on Vim.  This starts the explorer plugin for
    that directory (assuming it was enabled, otherwise you'll get an error
    message).  Keep Shift pressed to change to the directory instead.

    If Vim happens to be editing a command line, the names of the dropped files
    and directories will be inserted at the cursor.  This allows you to use these
    names with any Ex command.  Special characters (space, tab, double quote and
    '|'; backslash on non-MS-Windows systems) will be escaped.

    4. Making GUI Selections				*gui-selections*

    							*quotestar*
    You may make selections with the mouse (see |gui-mouse-select|), or by using
    Vim's Visual mode (see |v|).  If 'a' is present in 'guioptions', then
    whenever a selection is started (Visual or Select mode), or when the selection
    is changed, Vim becomes the owner of the windowing system's primary selection
    (on MS-Windows the |gui-clipboard| is used; under X11, the |x11-selection| is
    used - you should read whichever of these is appropriate now).

    							*clipboard*
    There is a special register for storing this selection, it is the "*
    register.  Nothing is put in here unless the information about what text is
    selected is about to change (e.g. with a left mouse click somewhere), or when
    another application wants to paste the selected text.  Then the text is put
    in the "* register.  For example, to cut a line and make it the current
    selection/put it on the clipboard:

    	"*dd

    Similarly, when you want to paste a selection from another application, e.g.,
    by clicking the middle mouse button, the selection is put in the "* register
    first, and then 'put' like any other register.  For example, to put the
    selection (contents of the clipboard):

    	"*p

    When using this register under X11, also see |x11-selection|.  This also
    explains the related "+ register.

    Note that when pasting text from one Vim into another separate Vim, the type
    of selection (character, line, or block) will also be copied.  For other
    applications the type is always character.  However, if the text gets
    transferred via the |x11-cut-buffer|, the selection type is ALWAYS lost.

    When the "unnamed" string is included in the 'clipboard' option, the unnamed
    register is the same as the "* register.  Thus you can yank to and paste the
    selection without prepending "* to commands.

    5. Menus						*menus*

    For an introduction see |usr_42| in the user manual.

    5.1 Using Menus						*using-menus*

    Basically, menus can be used just like mappings.  You can define your own
    menus, as many as you like.
    Long-time Vim users won't use menus much.  But the power is in adding your own
    menus and menu items.  They are most useful for things that you can't remember
    what the key sequence was.

    For creating menus in a different language, see |:menutrans|.

    							*menu.vim*
    The default menus are read from the file "$VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim".  See
    |$VIMRUNTIME| for where the path comes from.  You can set up your own menus.
    Starting off with the default set is a good idea.  You can add more items, or,
    if you don't like the defaults at all, start with removing all menus
    |:unmenu-all|.  You can also avoid the default menus being loaded by adding
    this line to your .vimrc file (NOT your .gvimrc file!):
    	:let did_install_default_menus = 1
    If you also want to avoid the Syntax menu:
    	:let did_install_syntax_menu = 1
    The first item in the Syntax menu can be used to show all available filetypes
    in the menu (which can take a bit of time to load).  If you want to have all
    filetypes already present at startup, add:
    	:let do_syntax_sel_menu = 1

    							*console-menus*
    Although this documentation is in the GUI section, you can actually use menus
    in console mode too.  You will have to load |menu.vim| explicitly then, it is
    not done by default.  You can use the |:emenu| command and command-line
    completion with 'wildmenu' to access the menu entries almost like a real menu
    system.  To do this, put these commands in your .vimrc file:
    	:source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
    	:set wildmenu
    	:set cpo-=<
    	:set wcm=<C-Z>
    	:map <F4> :emenu <C-Z>
    Pressing <F4> will start the menu.  You can now use the cursor keys to select
    a menu entry.  Hit <Enter> to execute it.  Hit <Esc> if you want to cancel.
    This does require the |+menu| feature enabled at compile time.

    							*tear-off-menus*
    GTK+ 2 and Motif support Tear-off menus.  These are sort of sticky menus or
    pop-up menus that are present all the time.  If the resizing does not work
    correctly, this may be caused by using something like "Vim*geometry" in the
    defaults.  Use "Vim.geometry" instead.

    As to GTK+ 3, tear-off menus have been deprecated since GTK+ 3.4.
    Accordingly, they are disabled if gvim is linked against GTK+ 3.4 or later.

    The Win32 GUI version emulates Motif's tear-off menus.  Actually, a Motif user
    will spot the differences easily, but hopefully they're just as useful.  You
    can also use the |:tearoff| command together with |hidden-menus| to create
    floating menus that do not appear on the main menu bar.

    5.2 Creating New Menus					*creating-menus*

    				*:me*  *:menu*  *:noreme*  *:noremenu*
    				*:am*  *:amenu* *:an*      *:anoremenu*
    				*:nme* *:nmenu* *:nnoreme* *:nnoremenu*
    				*:ome* *:omenu* *:onoreme* *:onoremenu*
    				*:vme* *:vmenu* *:vnoreme* *:vnoremenu*
    				*:xme* *:xmenu* *:xnoreme* *:xnoremenu*
    				*:sme* *:smenu* *:snoreme* *:snoremenu*
    				*:ime* *:imenu* *:inoreme* *:inoremenu*
    				*:cme* *:cmenu* *:cnoreme* *:cnoremenu*
    				*E330* *E327* *E331* *E336* *E333*
    				*E328* *E329* *E337* *E792*
    To create a new menu item, use the ":menu" commands.  They are mostly like
    the ":map" set of commands but the first argument is a menu item name, given
    as a path of menus and submenus with a '.' between them, e.g.:

       :menu File.Save  :w<CR>
       :inoremenu File.Save  <C-O>:w<CR>
       :menu Edit.Big\ Changes.Delete\ All\ Spaces  :%s/[ ^I]//g<CR>

    This last one will create a new item in the menu bar called "Edit", holding
    the mouse button down on this will pop up a menu containing the item
    "Big Changes", which is a sub-menu containing the item "Delete All Spaces",
    which when selected, performs the operation.

    Special characters in a menu name:

    	&	The next character is the shortcut key.  Make sure each
    		shortcut key is only used once in a (sub)menu.  If you want to
    		insert a literal "&" in the menu name use "&&".
    	<Tab>	Separates the menu name from right-aligned text.  This can be
    		used to show the equivalent typed command.  The text "<Tab>"
    		can be used here for convenience.  If you are using a real
    		tab, don't forget to put a backslash before it!
    Example:

       :amenu &File.&Open<Tab>:e  :browse e<CR>

    [typed literally]
    With the shortcut "F" (while keeping the <Alt> key pressed), and then "O",
    this menu can be used.  The second part is shown as "Open     :e".  The ":e"
    is right aligned, and the "O" is underlined, to indicate it is the shortcut.

    The ":amenu" command can be used to define menu entries for all modes at once.
    To make the command work correctly, a character is automatically inserted for
    some modes:
    	mode		inserted	appended
    	Normal		nothing		nothing
    	Visual		<C-C>		<C-\><C-G>
    	Insert		<C-\><C-O>
    	Cmdline		<C-C>		<C-\><C-G>
    	Op-pending	<C-C>		<C-\><C-G>

    Appending CTRL-\ CTRL-G is for going back to insert mode when 'insertmode' is
    set. |CTRL-\_CTRL-G|

    Example:

       :amenu File.Next	:next^M

    is equal to:

       :nmenu File.Next	:next^M
       :vmenu File.Next	^C:next^M^\^G
       :imenu File.Next	^\^O:next^M
       :cmenu File.Next	^C:next^M^\^G
       :omenu File.Next	^C:next^M^\^G

    Careful: In Insert mode this only works for a SINGLE Normal mode command,
    because of the CTRL-O.  If you have two or more commands, you will need to use
    the ":imenu" command.  For inserting text in any mode, you can use the
    expression register:

       :amenu Insert.foobar   "='foobar'<CR>P

    Note that the '<' and 'k' flags in 'cpoptions' also apply here (when
    included they make the <> form and raw key codes not being recognized).

    Note that <Esc> in Cmdline mode executes the command, like in a mapping.  This
    is Vi compatible.  Use CTRL-C to quit Cmdline mode.

    						*:menu-<silent>* *:menu-silent*
    To define a menu which will not be echoed on the command line, add
    "<silent>" as the first argument.  Example:
    	:menu <silent> Settings.Ignore\ case  :set ic<CR>
    The ":set ic" will not be echoed when using this menu.  Messages from the
    executed command are still given though.  To shut them up too, add a ":silent"
    in the executed command:
    	:menu <silent> Search.Header :exe ":silent normal /Header\r"<CR>
    "<silent>" may also appear just after "<special>" or "<script>".

    					*:menu-<special>* *:menu-special*
    Define a menu with <> notation for special keys, even though the "<" flag
    may appear in 'cpoptions'.  This is useful if the side effect of setting
    'cpoptions' is not desired.  Example:
    	:menu <special> Search.Header /Header<CR>
    "<special>" must appear as the very first argument to the ":menu" command or
    just after "<silent>" or "<script>".

    						*:menu-<script>* *:menu-script*
    The "to" part of the menu will be inspected for mappings.  If you don't want
    this, use the ":noremenu" command (or the similar one for a specific mode).
    If you do want to use script-local mappings, add "<script>" as the very first
    argument to the ":menu" command or just after "<silent>" or "<special>".

    							*menu-priority*
    You can give a priority to a menu.  Menus with a higher priority go more to
    the right.  The priority is given as a number before the ":menu" command.
    Example:
    	:80menu Buffer.next :bn<CR>

    The default menus have these priorities:
    	File		10
    	Edit		20
    	Tools		40
    	Syntax		50
    	Buffers		60
    	Window		70
    	Help		9999

    When no or zero priority is given, 500 is used.
    The priority for the PopUp menu is not used.

    The Help menu will be placed on the far right side of the menu bar on systems
    which support this (Motif and GTK+).  For GTK+ 2 and 3, this is not done
    anymore because right-aligning the Help menu is now discouraged UI design.

    You can use a priority higher than 9999, to make it go after the Help menu,
    but that is non-standard and is discouraged.  The highest possible priority is
    about 32000.  The lowest is 1.

    							*sub-menu-priority*
    The same mechanism can be used to position a sub-menu.  The priority is then
    given as a dot-separated list of priorities, before the menu name:
    	:menu 80.500 Buffer.next :bn<CR>
    Giving the sub-menu priority is only needed when the item is not to be put
    in a normal position.  For example, to put a sub-menu before the other items:
    	:menu 80.100 Buffer.first :brew<CR>
    Or to put a sub-menu after the other items, and further items with default
    priority will be put before it:
    	:menu 80.900 Buffer.last :blast<CR>
    When a number is missing, the default value 500 will be used:
    	:menu .900 myMenu.test :echo "text"<CR>
    The menu priority is only used when creating a new menu.  When it already
    existed, e.g., in another mode, the priority will not change.  Thus, the
    priority only needs to be given the first time a menu is used.
    An exception is the PopUp menu.  There is a separate menu for each mode
    (Normal, Op-pending, Visual, Insert, Cmdline).  The order in each of these
    menus can be different.  This is different from menu-bar menus, which have
    the same order for all modes.
    NOTE: sub-menu priorities currently don't work for all versions of the GUI.

    							*menu-separator* *E332*
    Menu items can be separated by a special item that inserts some space between
    items.  Depending on the system this is displayed as a line or a dotted line.
    These items must start with a '-' and end in a '-'.  The part in between is
    used to give it a unique name.  Priorities can be used as with normal items.
    Example:
    	:menu Example.item1	:do something
    	:menu Example.-Sep-	:
    	:menu Example.item2	:do something different
    Note that the separator also requires a rhs.  It doesn't matter what it is,
    because the item will never be selected.  Use a single colon to keep it
    simple.

    							*gui-toolbar*
    The toolbar is currently available in the Win32, Athena, Motif, GTK+ (X11),
    and Photon GUI.  It should turn up in other GUIs in due course.  The
    default toolbar is setup in menu.vim.
    The display of the toolbar is controlled by the 'guioptions' letter 'T'.  You
    can thus have menu & toolbar together, or either on its own, or neither.
    The appearance is controlled by the 'toolbar' option.  You can choose between
    an image, text or both.

    							*toolbar-icon*
    The toolbar is defined as a special menu called ToolBar, which only has one
    level.  Vim interprets the items in this menu as follows:
    1)  If an "icon=" argument was specified, the file with this name is used.
        The file can either be specified with the full path or with the base name.
        In the last case it is searched for in the "bitmaps" directory in
        'runtimepath', like in point 3.  Examples:
    	:amenu icon=/usr/local/pixmaps/foo_icon.xpm ToolBar.Foo :echo "Foo"<CR>
    	:amenu icon=FooIcon ToolBar.Foo :echo "Foo"<CR>
       Note that in the first case the extension is included, while in the second
        case it is omitted.
        If the file cannot be opened the next points are tried.
        A space in the file name must be escaped with a backslash.
        A menu priority must come _after_ the icon argument:
    	:amenu icon=foo 1.42 ToolBar.Foo :echo "42!"<CR>
    2)  An item called 'BuiltIn##', where ## is a number, is taken as number ## of
        the built-in bitmaps available in Vim.  Currently there are 31 numbered
        from 0 to 30 which cover most common editing operations |builtin-tools|.
    	:amenu ToolBar.BuiltIn22 :call SearchNext("back")<CR>
    3)  An item with another name is first searched for in the directory
        "bitmaps" in 'runtimepath'.  If found, the bitmap file is used as the
        toolbar button image.  Note that the exact filename is OS-specific: For
        example, under Win32 the command
    	:amenu ToolBar.Hello :echo "hello"<CR>
       would find the file 'hello.bmp'.  Under GTK+/X11 it is 'Hello.xpm'.  With
        GTK+ 2 the files 'Hello.png', 'Hello.xpm' and 'Hello.bmp' are checked for
        existence, and the first one found would be used.
        For MS-Windows and GTK+ 2 the bitmap is scaled to fit the button.  For
        MS-Windows a size of 18 by 18 pixels works best.
        For MS-Windows the bitmap should have 16 colors with the standard palette.
        The light grey pixels will be changed to the Window frame color and the
        dark grey pixels to the window shadow color.  More colors might also work,
        depending on your system.
    4)  If the bitmap is still not found, Vim checks for a match against its list
        of built-in names.  Each built-in button image has a name.
        So the command
    	:amenu ToolBar.Open :e
       will show the built-in "open a file" button image if no open.bmp exists.
        All the built-in names can be seen used in menu.vim.
    5)  If all else fails, a blank, but functioning, button is displayed.

    							*builtin-tools*
    nr  Name		Normal action
    00  New			open new window
    01  Open		browse for file to open in current window
    02  Save		write buffer to file
    03  Undo		undo last change
    04  Redo		redo last undone change
    05  Cut			delete selected text to clipboard
    06  Copy		copy selected text to clipboard
    07  Paste		paste text from clipboard
    08  Print		print current buffer
    09  Help		open a buffer on Vim's builtin help
    10  Find		start a search command
    11  SaveAll		write all modified buffers to file
    12  SaveSesn		write session file for current situation
    13  NewSesn		write new session file
    14  LoadSesn		load session file
    15  RunScript		browse for file to run as a Vim script
    16  Replace		prompt for substitute command
    17  WinClose		close current window
    18  WinMax		make current window use many lines
    19  WinMin		make current window use few lines
    20  WinSplit		split current window
    21  Shell		start a shell
    22  FindPrev		search again, backward
    23  FindNext		search again, forward
    24  FindHelp		prompt for word to search help for
    25  Make		run make and jump to first error
    26  TagJump		jump to tag under the cursor
    27  RunCtags		build tags for files in current directory
    28  WinVSplit		split current window vertically
    29  WinMaxWidth		make current window use many columns
    30  WinMinWidth		make current window use few columns

    					*hidden-menus* *win32-hidden-menus*
    In the Win32 and GTK+ GUI, starting a menu name with ']' excludes that menu
    from the main menu bar.  You must then use the |:popup| or |:tearoff| command
    to display it.

    							*popup-menu*
    In the Win32, GTK+, Motif, Athena and Photon GUI, you can define the
    special menu "PopUp".  This is the menu that is displayed when the right mouse
    button is pressed, if 'mousemodel' is set to popup or popup_setpos.

    5.3 Showing What Menus Are Mapped To			*showing-menus*

    To see what an existing menu is mapped to, use just one argument after the
    menu commands (just like you would with the ":map" commands).  If the menu
    specified is a submenu, then all menus under that hierarchy will be shown.
    If no argument is given after :menu at all, then ALL menu items are shown
    for the appropriate mode (e.g., Command-line mode for :cmenu).

    Special characters in the list, just before the rhs:
    *	The menu was defined with "nore" to disallow remapping.
    &	The menu was defined with "<script>" to allow remapping script-local
    	mappings only.
    -	The menu was disabled.

    Note that hitting <Tab> while entering a menu name after a menu command may
    be used to complete the name of the menu item.

    5.4 Executing Menus					*execute-menus*

    						*:em*  *:emenu* *E334* *E335*
    :[range]em[enu] {menu}		Execute {menu} from the command line.
    				The default is to execute the Normal mode
    				menu.  If a range is specified, it executes
    				the Visual mode menu.
    				If used from <c-o>, it executes the
    				insert-mode menu Eg:
    	:emenu File.Exit

    If the console-mode vim has been compiled with WANT_MENU defined, you can
    use :emenu to access useful menu items you may have got used to from GUI
    mode.  See 'wildmenu' for an option that works well with this.  See
    |console-menus| for an example.

    When using a range, if the lines match with '<,'>, then the menu is executed
    using the last visual selection.

    5.5 Deleting Menus					*delete-menus*

    						*:unme*  *:unmenu*
    						*:aun*   *:aunmenu*
    						*:nunme* *:nunmenu*
    						*:ounme* *:ounmenu*
    						*:vunme* *:vunmenu*
    						*:xunme* *:xunmenu*
    						*:sunme* *:sunmenu*
    						*:iunme* *:iunmenu*
    						*:cunme* *:cunmenu*
    To delete a menu item or a whole submenu, use the unmenu commands, which are
    analogous to the unmap commands.  Eg:
        :unmenu! Edit.Paste

    This will remove the Paste item from the Edit menu for Insert and
    Command-line modes.

    Note that hitting <Tab> while entering a menu name after an umenu command
    may be used to complete the name of the menu item for the appropriate mode.

    To remove all menus use:			*:unmenu-all*
    	:unmenu *	" remove all menus in Normal and visual mode
    	:unmenu! *	" remove all menus in Insert and Command-line mode
    	:aunmenu *	" remove all menus in all modes

    If you want to get rid of the menu bar:
    	:set guioptions-=m

    5.6 Disabling Menus					*disable-menus*

    						*:menu-disable* *:menu-enable*
    If you do not want to remove a menu, but disable it for a moment, this can be
    done by adding the "enable" or "disable" keyword to a ":menu" command.
    Examples:
    	:menu disable &File.&Open\.\.\.
    	:amenu enable *
    	:amenu disable &Tools.*

    The command applies to the modes as used with all menu commands.  Note that
    characters like "&" need to be included for translated names to be found.
    When the argument is "*", all menus are affected.  Otherwise the given menu
    name and all existing submenus below it are affected.

    5.7 Examples for Menus					*menu-examples*

    Here is an example on how to add menu items with menu's!  You can add a menu
    item for the keyword under the cursor.  The register "z" is used.

      :nmenu Words.Add\ Var		wb"zye:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z<CR>
      :nmenu Words.Remove\ Var	wb"zye:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>
      :vmenu Words.Add\ Var		"zy:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z <CR>
      :vmenu Words.Remove\ Var	"zy:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>
      :imenu Words.Add\ Var		<Esc>wb"zye:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z<CR>a
      :imenu Words.Remove\ Var	<Esc>wb"zye:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>a

    (the rhs is in <> notation, you can copy/paste this text to try out the
    mappings, or put these lines in your gvimrc; "<C-R>" is CTRL-R, "<CR>" is
    the <CR> key.  |<>|)

    5.8 Tooltips & Menu tips

    See section |42.4| in the user manual.

    							*:tmenu* *:tm*
    :tm[enu] {menupath} {rhs}	Define a tip for a menu or tool.  {only in
    				X11 and Win32 GUI}

    :tm[enu] [menupath]		List menu tips. {only in X11 and Win32 GUI}

    							*:tunmenu* *:tu*
    :tu[nmenu] {menupath}		Remove a tip for a menu or tool.
    				{only in X11 and Win32 GUI}

    When a tip is defined for a menu item, it appears in the command-line area
    when the mouse is over that item, much like a standard Windows menu hint in
    the status bar.  (Except when Vim is in Command-line mode, when of course
    nothing is displayed.)
    When a tip is defined for a ToolBar item, it appears as a tooltip when the
    mouse pauses over that button, in the usual fashion.  Use the |hl-Tooltip|
    highlight group to change its colors.

    A "tip" can be defined for each menu item.  For example, when defining a menu
    item like this:
    	:amenu MyMenu.Hello :echo "Hello"<CR>
    The tip is defined like this:
    	:tmenu MyMenu.Hello Displays a greeting.
    And delete it with:
    	:tunmenu MyMenu.Hello

    Tooltips are currently only supported for the X11 and Win32 GUI.  However, they
    should appear for the other gui platforms in the not too distant future.

    The ":tmenu" command works just like other menu commands, it uses the same
    arguments.  ":tunmenu" deletes an existing menu tip, in the same way as the
    other unmenu commands.

    If a menu item becomes invalid (i.e. its actions in all modes are deleted) Vim
    deletes the menu tip (and the item) for you.  This means that :aunmenu deletes
    a menu item - you don't need to do a :tunmenu as well.

    5.9 Popup Menus

    In the Win32 and GTK+ GUI, you can cause a menu to popup at the cursor.
    This behaves similarly to the PopUp menus except that any menu tree can
    be popped up.

    This command is for backwards compatibility, using it is discouraged, because
    it behaves in a strange way.

    							*:popup* *:popu*
    :popu[p] {name}			Popup the menu {name}.  The menu named must
    				have at least one subentry, but need not
    				appear on the menu-bar (see |hidden-menus|).
    				{only available for Win32 and GTK GUI}

    :popu[p]! {name}		Like above, but use the position of the mouse
    				pointer instead of the cursor.

    Example:
    	:popup File
    will make the "File" menu (if there is one) appear at the text cursor (mouse
    pointer if ! was used).

    	:amenu ]Toolbar.Make	:make<CR>
    	:popup ]Toolbar
    This creates a popup menu that doesn't exist on the main menu-bar.

    Note that a menu that starts with ']' will not be displayed.

    6. Extras						*gui-extras*

    This section describes other features which are related to the GUI.

    - With the GUI, there is no wait for one second after hitting escape, because
      the key codes don't start with <Esc>.

    - Typing ^V followed by a special key in the GUI will insert "<Key>", since
      the internal string used is meaningless.  Modifiers may also be held down to
      get "<Modifiers-Key>".

    - In the GUI, the modifiers SHIFT, CTRL, and ALT (or META) may be used within
      mappings of special keys and mouse events.  E.g.: :map <M-LeftDrag> <LeftDrag>

    - In the GUI, several normal keys may have modifiers in mappings etc, these
      are <Space>, <Tab>, <NL>, <CR>, <Esc>.

    - To check in a Vim script if the GUI is being used, you can use something
      like this:

    	if has("gui_running")
    	   echo "yes, we have a GUI"
    	else
    	   echo "Boring old console"
    	endif
    							*setting-guifont*
    - When you use the same vimrc file on various systems, you can use something
      like this to set options specifically for each type of GUI:

    	if has("gui_running")
    	    if has("gui_gtk2")
    		:set guifont=Luxi\ Mono\ 12
    	    elseif has("x11")
    		" Also for GTK 1
    		:set guifont=*-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-*-*-180-*-*-m-*-*
    	    elseif has("gui_win32")
    		:set guifont=Luxi_Mono:h12:cANSI
    	    endif
    	endif

    A recommended Japanese font is MS Mincho.  You can find info here:
    http://www.lexikan.com/mincho.htm

    7. Shell Commands					*gui-shell*

    For the X11 GUI the external commands are executed inside the gvim window.
    See |gui-pty|.

    WARNING: Executing an external command from the X11 GUI will not always
    work.  "normal" commands like "ls", "grep" and "make" mostly work fine.
    Commands that require an intelligent terminal like "less" and "ispell" won't
    work.  Some may even hang and need to be killed from another terminal.  So be
    careful!

    For the Win32 GUI the external commands are executed in a separate window.
    See |gui-shell-win32|.

     vim:tw=78:sw=4:ts=8:ft=help:norl:

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